Whale Valley, Cetacea and Sirenia Eocene fossils of Wadi Al-Hitan

Wadi Al-Hitan “Valley of the Whales” serves as an extraordinary paleontological site situated in the Fauym Governorate of Egypt. It is an exceptional record of the ancient history of our planet when marine life flourished along the coast and the mysterious migration of whales took place. Researchers in Wadi Al-Hitan have discovered numerous fossils of archaeoceti, an extinct sub-order of whales that includes some of the earliest species of whales. Specimens are impressive, and the largest skeleton discovered has a length of 21 meters. These fossils offer vital evidence for unraveling one of the most significant enigmas in the evolution of whales: their transition from terrestrial creatures to marine mammals. Remarkably, the fossils preserve primitive features in their skull and tooth structure. Certain skeletons within the study of archaeoceti exhibit hind legs, feet, and toes, which is an unforeseen discovery. These fossils not only shed light on the evolution of whales but also provide insights into the surrounding environmental conditions millions of years ago. The present landscape, resembling the moon’s surface and scattered with fossil remains, encourages us to delve into the captivating narrative of Earth’s gradual evolution. This exceptional area was officially recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of an exceptional scientific treasure due to the unparalleled abundance and quality of whale fossils.